How to Cite
Abstract
This paper traces and analyses the various possibilities to interpret the images of the rivers and majestic waters in Ps 93:3-4. The metaphorical description of the waters allows the readers to see a fascinating spectacle of nature but also a threatening natural force. Over centuries, interpreters have creatively explored these possibilities for their readings. To retrace the wide range of possible interpretations of Ps 93:3-4 two contexts are revealing, namely the occurrences of water images in the psalter and the history of interpretation of Ps 93:3-4. The insights these contexts offer are then used to determine the points of reference for such readings in the text, and to reconstruct the different perspectives of the readers and their interpretations.
_31.png){kind=logo}
https://doi.org/10.17159/2312-3621/2019/v32n2a7References
Alshech, Moshe. The Book of Psalms with Romemot El. Commentary of Rabbi Moshe ben Chayim Ashech (hakadosh). vol. 2. Translated by E. Munk. Jerusalem: E. Munk, 1990.
Artemov, Nikita. "Unterweltsflüsse, Chaoswasser oder gefährliche Wadis? Notizen zu den "Strömen Belials" in Ps 18,5 = 2 Sam 22,5." Pages 180 - 193 in Ich will dir danken unter den Völkern. Studien zur israelitischen und altorientalischen Gebetsliteratur. Festschrift für Bernd Janowski zum 70. Geburtstag. Edited by Alexandra Grund, Annette Krüger and Florian Lippke. Gütersloh: Gütersloher VerlagsHaus, 2013.
Alter, Robert. The book of Psalms. New York, London: Norton & Company, 2007).
Baethgen, Friedrich. Die Psalmen. Handkommentar zum Alten Testament. Göttingen: Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1892.
Bauks, Michaela. ""Chaos" als Metapher für die Gefährdung der Weltordnung." Pages 431 - 464 in Das biblische Weltbild und seine altorientalischen Kontexte. Edited by Bernd Janowski and Beate Ego. FAT32. Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2001.
Berlejung, Angelika. "Art. Unterwelt/Jenseits / Hölle / Scheol." Pages 437–439 in Handbuch theologischer Grundbegriffe zum Alten und Neuen Testament. Edited by Angelika Berlejung and Christian Frevel. 5th ed. Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, 2006.
Berlejung, Angelika. "Tod und Leben nach den Vorstellungen der Israeliten. Ein ausgewählter Aspekt zu einer Metapher im Spannungsfeld von Leben und Tod." Pages 465–502 in Das biblische Weltbild und seine altorientalischen Kontexte. Edited by Bernd Janowski and Beate Ego. FAT 32. Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2001.
Braude, William. The Midrash of Psalms vol. 2. New Haven: Yale University Press 1959.
Briggs, Charles A., Briggs, Emilie G. Critical and exegetical commentary on the book of Psalms vol. 2. Edinburgh: T&T Clark, 1907.
Curtis, Adrian H.W. "The ’subjugation of the Waters’ Motif in the Psalms; Imagery or Polemic?." JSSt 23,2 (1978): 245–256.
Delitzsch, Franz. Biblischer Kommentar über die Psalmen. Leipzig: Dörfling & Frank 1894.
Ego, Beate. "Die Wasser der Gottesstadt. Zu einem Motiv der Zionstradition und seinen kosmologischen Implikationen." Pages 361 – 389 in Das biblische Weltbild und seine altorientalischen Kontexte. Edited by Bernd Janowski and Beate Ego. Forschungen zum Alten Testament 32. Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2001.
Edwards, Timothy M. The Targum of Psalms. Collegeville, Minn: Liturgical Press, 2004.
Ehrlich, Arnold B. Die Psalmen. Berlin: M. Poppelauer, 1905.
Geller, Stephen A. "Myth and Syntax in Psalm 93." Pages 321–331 in Mishneh todah: Studies in Deuteronomy and Its Cultural Environment in Honor of Jeffrey H. Tigay (2009). Edited by Nili S. Fox; David Glatt-Gilad, Jeffrey Tigay and Michael J. Williams. Winona Lake, Ind.: Eisenbrauns 2009.
Gunkel, Hermann. Die Psalmen. Göttinger Handkommentar zum Alten Testament II,2. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht 1926.
Hartenstein, Friedhelm. Die Unzugänglichkeit Gottes im Heiligtum. Jesaja 6 und der Wohnort JHWHs in der Jerusalemer Kulttradition. WMANT 75. Neukirchen-Vluyn: Neukirchener Verlag, 1997.
Human, Dirk. "Psalm 93: Yahweh Robed in Majesty and Mightier than the Great Waters." Pages 147–169 in Psalms and Mythology. Edited by Dirk Human. LHBOTS 462. New York: T&T Clark 2007.
Janowski, Bernd. “Das Königtum Gottes in den Psalmen. Bemerkungen zu einem Gesamtentwurf.†ZThK 86 (1989): 389–454.
Jefferson, Helen G. "Psalm 93." JBL 71,3 (1952): 155–160.
Kirkpatrick, Alexander F. The book of Psalms. Books IV and V. The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges. Cambridge: University Press, 1901.
Kraus, Hans-Joachim. Psalmen 60 – 150. Biblischer Kommentar Altes Testament 15,2. 2nd ed. Neukirchen-Vluyn: Neukirchener Verlag, 1961.
Lamparter., Helmut Das Buch der Psalmen II. Psalm 73 – 150. Die Botschaft des Alten Testaments 15. Stuttgart: Calwer Verlag, 1990.
Hossfeld, Frank-Lothar; Zenger, Erich. Psalmen 51 – 100. Herders theologischer Kommentar zum Alten Testament. Freiburg i.Br. et.al.: Herder, 2000.
Lass, Magdalena. …zum Kampf mit Kraft gegürtet: Untersuchungen zu 2 Sam 22 unter gewalthermeneutischen Perspektiven. BBB 185. Bonn: Bonn University Press, 2018.
Loretz, Oswald. Ugarit-Texte und Thronbesteigungspsalmen: Die Metamorphose des Regenspenders Baal-Jahwe (Ps 24,7–10; 29; 47; 93; 95 – 100 sowie Ps 77,17–20; 114). Ugaritisch-biblische Literatur 7. Münster: UGARIT Verlag, 1988.
John McGovern, “The waters of death.†CBQ 21 (1959): 350–358.
Reif, Stefan C. "Psalm 93: An historical and comparative survey of its Jewish interpretations." Pages 193–214 in Genesis, Isaiah and Psalms. A festschrift to honour Professor John Emerton for his eightieth birthday. Edited by Katharine J. Dell et al. VTSup 135. Leiden, Boston: Brill, 2010.
Mosis, Rudolf. " ’Ströme erheben, Jahwe, ihr Tosen..’." Pages 223–255 in Ein Gott, eine Offenbarung. Edited by Friedrich V. Reiterer. Würzburg: Echter, 1991.
Mulhaupt, Erwin (ed.). D. Martin Luthers Psalmen-Auslegung. Psalmen 91–150 vol. 3. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1965.
Pardee, Dennis. "The Poetic Structure of Psalm 93." Studi epigrafici e linguistici 5 (1988): 163–170.
Saint Augustine, Expositions of the Psalms 73 – 98. The works of Saint Augustine. Translated by Maria Boulding, O.S.B. New York: New City Press, 2002.
The homilies of Saint Jerome vol. 1. Translated by Marie Liguori Ewald, I.H.M. Washington, D.C.: The Catholic University of America Press, 1966.
Schegg, Peter. Die Psalmen vol 2. München: Verlag der J.J. Lentner’schen Buchhandlung, 1846.
Segal, Benjamin. " ’Above the Thunder of the Mighty Waters’: Ps 93." Conservative Judism 58,1 (2005): 59–65.
Hamlin, Hannibal, Brennan, Michael, Hanny, Margaret and Kinnamon, Noel (eds.). The Sidney Psalter: The Psalms of Sir Philip and Mary Sidney. Oxford World’s Classics. Oxford: University Press, 2009.
Stärk, Willy Lyrik (Psalmen, Hoheslied und Verwandtes). Die Schriften des Alten Testaments in Auswahl neu übersetzt und für die Gegenwart erklärt. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1911.
Stolz, F. â€œ× ×©× nśʾ aufheben, tragenâ€. Pages 109–117 in Theological Lexicon of the Old Testament Vol. 2. Edited by Erst Jenni and Claus Westermann (ed.). München: Kaiser Verlag, 1984.
Sylva, Dennis. “The Rising × ×”×¨×•×ª of Psalm 93: Chaotic Order,†JSOT 36,4 (2012), 471–482.
Theodoret of Cyrus Commentary on the Psalms: Psalms 73 – 150. Translated by Robert C. Hill. Washington, D.C.: The Catholic University of America Press, 2001.
Trudinger, Peter. "Friend of Foe? Earth, Sea and Chaoskampf in the Psalms." Pages 29–41 in The Earth Story in the Psalms and the Prophets. Edited by Habel Norman. Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press, 2001.
Tucker, W. Dennis Jr. and Grant, Jamie A. Psalms vol. 2. The NIV Application Commentary. Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 2018.
Weiser, Artur. Die Psalmen II: Psalm 61 – 150. Das Alte Testament Deutsch 15. 10th ed. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1987.
Burkard Waldis, Der Palter Jn Newe Gesangs weise vnd künstliche Reimen gebracht. Frankfurt, 1553.
Walsh, P. G. ed. Cassiodorus: Explanation of the Psalms. Translated by P. G. Walsh. Mahawah, NJ: Paulist Press 1991.
Wither, George. The Psalmes of David translated into lyrick-verse, according to the scope, of the original. Neatherlands: Cornelis Gerrits van Breughel, 1632.
Theodore of Caesarea,The Theodore Psalter. Manuscript 19352 British Library. Constantinople 1066. http://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/Viewer.aspx?ref=add_ms_19352_f001r.
The Barberini Psalter (11. century). Vatican Library Manuscript Barb. grec. 372, f. 160v. https://digi.vatlib.it/mss/detail/Barb.gr.372.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).